Dementia is a syndrome characterized by a decline in cognitive function that interferes with a person’s ability to perform daily activities. It affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgment.
Advancing age is the greatest risk factor for dementia, with the risk increasing significantly as people get older.
Family history and genetic factors can influence the likelihood of developing dementia, with certain genes increasing the risk.
Conditions like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity can raise the risk of vascular dementia by affecting blood flow to the brain.
Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, and an unhealthy diet may increase the risk of dementia.
History of significant head injuries, particularly those resulting in loss of consciousness or concussion, can elevate the risk of dementia.
Engaging in mentally stimulating activities and maintaining social connections may help reduce the risk of dementia.
Chronic depression and high levels of stress have been linked to an increased risk of developing dementia.
Higher levels of education and engaging in intellectually stimulating activities throughout life may contribute to cognitive reserve, potentially lowering the risk of dementia.
Conditions like sleep apnea and insomnia may increase the risk of dementia by disrupting sleep patterns and affecting brain health.
Exposure to certain environmental toxins, pollutants, or chemicals may play a role in the development of dementia, although more research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms.