Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria. It often leads to symptoms like unusual discharge and a fishy odor.
Many people mistake BV for yeast infections or other conditions. A proper diagnosis ensures the right treatment and prevents complications like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
If you experience abnormal discharge, itching, or odor, visiting a healthcare provider is essential. They will ask about symptoms, sexual history, and hygiene practices.
A doctor performs a pelvic exam to check for signs of BV, such as grayish-white discharge and vaginal inflammation. This is a quick and painless process.
A simple test using a pH strip can indicate BV. A vaginal pH level above 4.5 suggests an imbalance of bacteria, which may point to BV.
A few drops of potassium hydroxide (KOH) are mixed with vaginal discharge. A strong fishy odor confirms the presence of BV. This test is rapid and effective.
A sample of vaginal fluid is observed under a microscope. The presence of "clue cells" (vaginal cells covered with bacteria) confirms BV.
Some doctors may recommend a vaginal culture or DNA-based tests to detect BV with high accuracy, especially for recurring infections.
Some at-home BV test kits check pH levels, but they are not always accurate. A doctor's visit is still the best way to confirm BV.
Once diagnosed, BV is usually treated with antibiotics (oral or vaginal). Lifestyle changes, probiotics, and avoiding douching can help prevent recurrence.